The roots contains p-hydroxy-8-O-β-D-glucoside, phenylethanol-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, vanillic acid, gallic acid, mannitol, succinic acid, β-sitosterol^[1], verbascoside, darendoside B, syringaresinolglucoside, forsythin, 4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl-β-D-glucoside, adenosine^[2];

The leaves contains cyrtophyllin, melissyl alcohol, γ-sitosterol, isoprene polymer, n-pentacosane, galactitol, stigmasterol, tannin, flavonoid^[3];

The stem contains cyrtophyllone A, cyrtophyllone B, teuvincenone F, clerodolone, sugiol, friedelin, clerosterol, stigma-5,22,25-trien-3β-ol^[3].

1. The water extract of Isatis indigotica Fort had a strong inhibition on S. aureus,L. monocytogenes, S. typhimurium and B. anthracis^[1].

2. The 4 monomers isolated from Folium Isatidis can effectively inhibit the profication of the Coxackievirus B3 in Hep-2 cell and the influenza virus in MDCK cell^[2,3]. The fraction IV isolated from Folium Isatidis has powerful anti-HSV-I effect in vitro and in vivo^[4]. The water extract of  Folium Isatidis shows anti-HSV II effects in vitro by suppressing virus replication in cells^[5].

3. The Indirubin isolated from Folium Isatidis could inhibit the angiogenesis of intersegmental vessels of zebrafish embryos^[6].

Daqing (bigaoki)

Snake bites:oral fresh daqing (big aoki) leaves juice to treat fire poison snake bites, aremarkable effect of detumescence and relieve pain for 2-3 days, usually aroundseven days to cure. Take fresh big aoki leaves 500g, washed with cold water,ground in a stone mortar with a wooden stick, filter with a gauze, oral thejuice (can’t decoction). As mentioned above, three times a day. The author usesthis method to cured 54 cases whom bite by the green bamboo snake ^[1].

1.Furuncle

2. Encephalitis type B, epidemic encephalitis type B, common cold with fever,mumps

3. Sore throat

4. Acute icterohepatitis

5. Lymphangitis

6. Bloody stranguria, hematuria

7. Infectious swollen head

8. Infantiledysthelasia due to oral aphthae

[1] HU Yong-jin, QIAO Jin-ling, ZHU Ren-jun, et al. Study on Antibacterial Activity of Arnebia euchroma(Royle) Johnst and Isatis indigotica Fort Extracts in vitro. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2010,38(9):4565-4567.

[2] Liu Zhao, Yang Zhan-qiu, Xiao Hong. Antiviral Activity of the Effective M onomers from Folium Isatidis against Coxackievirus B3 Virus in Vitro. Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities(Nat．Sei．Edition), 2009,28(2):41-45.

[3] Liu Zhao, Yang Zhan-qiu, Xiao Hong. Antiviral Activity of the Effective M onomers from Folium Isatidis against Influenza Virus in Vitro. Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities(Nat．Sei．Edition), 2009,28(3):42-46.

[4] FANG Jian-guo, HU Ya, TANG Jie, et al. Antiviral efect of Folium Isatidis on herpes simplex virus typeⅠ. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2005,30(17):1343-1346.

[5] YU Shu-qing, CHEN Xiang-yi, YU Lin. Anti-Herpes Effects of the Extract from Indigowoad Leaf in Vitro. Herald of Medicine, 2008,27(4):394-396.

[6] XIA Xiao-yan, LIU Ke-chun, WANG Si-feng et al. Studies on Anti-Angiogenic Activity of Indirubin from Folium Isatidis, Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2010,45(3):187-189.
 clinical experiment

[1] LuoHanZhong.Fresh big aoki leaves juice treatment snake bites. Snakes volunteers, 1994, 6(3): 49.