1.Analgesia: Peritoneal inject paniculate swallowwort root or herb show analgesic activity after 10min[1]. Both paeonol and without this compound extract can enhance mice pain threshold[2]. isopaeonol show dose-effect relationship analgesia activity[3].

2. Appeasement: Paeonol can decrease locomotor activity and inhibit excitation and convulsion[4]. Without paeonol injecta can decrease locomotor activity too[1].

3. Relieve Fever: Paeonol can relieve fever induced by typhoid vaccine and triple vaccine[5,6].

4. Lowering Blood Pressure: Paeonol show lowering blood pressure on anesthesia dog and renal type hypertension[7]. Without paeonol preparation show as if similer action. It means there were some other compound show this action.

5. Anti-Myocardial Ischemia: Water extract can raise coronary flow and improve myocardial metabolism[1,8]. Neiguan acupoint inject its injecta can ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion injury[23].

6. Antiarrythmic: Paeonol show antiarrythmic activity like verapamil and inhibit action potential amplitude, time course and maximal velocity[9-10].

7. Effect on Cardiovascular System: Paniculate swallowwort root or herb can cut down total cholesterol and β-lipoprotein and releave atheromatous plaque formation. Paeonol can inhibit atheromatous plaque formation but no effect on blood fat through scavenging free radical[11,12].

8. Antithrombus: Paeonol can inhibit platelet aggregation through improve cyclic adenosine monophosphate level. Paeonol still can prolong fibrin clotting time[11,13]. Paniculate swallowwort root or herb show antiplatelet condensation and erythrocyte aggregation[33]. Paeonol can ameliorate blood rheology[34].

9. Antiinflammatory and Anti-allergic Reaction: Paeonol can inhibit different ear swelling degree and rat paw oedema, vasculitis of the skin, contact dermatitis, vasculitis through inhibit PGE₂ biosynthesis, polymorphonuclear leukocytes diabasis, inhibit classical pathway of complement hemolytic activity, adjust cellular immune function[14,15,28,29,31]. Polysaccharides can promote spleen cell and lymphocyte proliferation[24-26]. Paeonol can inhibit allergic contact dermatitis on its output phase[30]. In addition, Paeonol show depressant effect on Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ type allergic reaction[27].

10. Antibiosis: Waterextract and paeonol can inhibit staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis proliferation[16-18].

11. Effect on Smooth Muscle: Injecta, isopaeonol and paeonol can relax gastrointestinal smooth muscle[3,17].

12. Anti HBV: Paeonol can inhibt benzo-(α)-pyrene induced rat liver microsomes[19]. Water extract can inhibit HBeAg and HBsAg secretion on 2.2.15 cell line[35].

13. Anticancer: Water extract can inhibit Bel-7407 cell proliferation in vitro[36]. 

14. Effect on Snake Venoms: Extracting solution can inhibit inflammation and toxic induced by cobravenom[37,38].

15. Effect on Uterine: Paeonol can inhibit uterine contraction and antiearly pregnancy[20,21].

16. Antioxidant: Paeonol can inhibit LPO formn and scavenging H₂O₂ free radicals[32].

17. Physiological Disposition: Paeonol was absord by oral, Tc_max was 20 min. The distribution was liver, kidney, spleen and lung. Its ejection rate on urine and dung were 89% and 5%. Its metabolites were dihydroxyacetophenone and 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone[24].

Xuchangqing (Cynanchum paniculatum)

<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<!--[endif]-->Viralmyocarditis: xinkang mixture (basic agents: Xuchangqing、banlangen(radix isatidis), zhi gancao (glycyrrhiza), huangqi (astragalus mongholicus) )totreat viral myocarditis. 1 agent a day, 30 days for a treatment. The acutepatients were hospitalized within a month, intravenous drip 10% glucose 500mlmix with 2g vitamin C, once a day, 2 weeks for a treatment. Severe Arrhythmiapatients or heart failure patients should be given corresponding antiarrhythmicdrugs, cardiac drugs provisionally. Result: 23 cases were cured, 17 casesmarkedly were effective, 15 cases were effective. The total effective rate was83.1%^[1]

<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<!--[endif]-->HyperlipidemiaLiaodiaozu mixture (Xuchangqing 15g, wuzhaolong (Humulus scandens) 15g,dujiaoxianmao (curculigo) 15g, heshouwu (polygonum multiflorum) 15g, yingbupo9g,made into tablet, each tablet 0.16g) was used to treat hyperlipidemia 80cases. 10 tablets every time, 3 times a day. 30 days for a treatment, takingtwo courses when necessary. Result: 80 cases hyperlipidemia were markedlysatisfactorily effective. The average level of total cholesterol dropped from 298mg(before treatment) to 249mg(aftertreatment), made a significant difference（P＜0.01）^[2].

<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<!--[endif]-->Neurasthenia: Xuchangqing wasgrinded into powder, 10-15g every time, 2 timesa day. Or made into honeyed bolus, each pill contain 5g raw drug, 2 pills everytime, 2 times a day, or made into capsule (powder into the capsule), everycapsule grain 0.5g, 20 grains every time, 2 times a day. Result: Treating for300 cases neurasthenia, the total effective rate was 94.7% ^[3].

<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<!--[endif]-->Malaria:Right amount of Xuchangqing (adult:5-7 plants(equivalent to dry good 9g-12g or fresh good 30g-36g), 5~6 plants for 13-17years, 4-5 plants for 7-12 years, 2~3 plants for 2-6 years and within 1 yearold dosage 1-2 plants)  was washed, andadding 300ml water, decoction boiled to 150~200ml, taken the medicine 2~4 hoursbefore the Malaria break out. Result: treated for Malaria 122 cases, 108 casesclinical symptoms  were disappeared andhad not recurrence in a month, account for 88.5%; the symptoms of 6 cases werecontrol in 3 weeks while the plasmodium didn’t turn to negative, account for4.9%; 8 cases still break out after taking the medicine, show positive in bloodtest. the rate was 6.6％^[4].

<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<!--[endif]-->Arthritis:Xuchangqing, chuanxiong (Ligusticum wallichii), muli (concha ostreae) 30grespectively, added water 3000ml. decocted juice and then filtered, taking thefiltrate dip in liner, and applied to affected area and fixed with KWD-707pulse electric meter density wave (frequency for 50 times seconds, electricityflow to one can endure for degree) of the traditional Chinese medicine forelectric ion import, the positive in lesions position, negative in thepathological changes of symmetrical place or aside, every time 10-40 min. Result: Treating for arthritis 1000 cases, 328 cases were cured, 458 cases were markedly effective, 170 caseswere reduced , and 44 cases were invalid ^[5].

<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<!--[endif]-->Psoriasis:Xuchangqing injection treated for psoriasis 150 cases, intramuscular injection, every time 4ml (40mgone ml), twice a day. 20 days a course for the slight patient, 40 days for thesevere one, generally no more than two courses. Result: 73 cases were cured, 27cases were markedly effective, 28 cases were improved, 22 cases wereinvalid. The total effective rate was 85.7%. 18 cases were without recurrencein 7-12 years, 24 cases were without recurrence in4-7 years, 12 cases werewithout recurrence in 2-4 years ^[6].

1.       Zoster, contact dermatitis, stubborn urticaria，and psoriasis

2.       Pruritus

3.       Swelling and pain due to trauma, and setting a fracture

4.       Lumbago, cold stomach, and hepatocirrhosis ascites

5.       Rheumatalgia

6.       Toothache

7.       Cardiodynia, extreme tightness to death

8.       schizophrenia (crying, sad and trance state)

9.       Abdominal distension