| [English Name] | Upright Datura Flower | |
| [Chinese Name] | 洋金花 | |
| [Pinying Name] | Yangjinhua | |
| [Latin Name] | Daturae Flos | |
| [Genera] | Solanaceae | |
| [Efficacy] | zhikepingchuanyao | |
| [Pictures] | Plant picture | Drug picture |
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| [Ecology] | It prefers warm 、apricus and well-drained sandy soil. | |
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| [Pharmacological activities] |
1. Central nervous system: Scopolamine exhibits inhibitory effect on the central nervous system and could deteriorate memory ability of rats and mice[1-69]. 2. Blood circulation system: Scopolamine with small dose could slow the heart rate, but the high dose accelerate the heart rate; Scopolamine exhibits vasodilator effect which could inhibit the noradrenaline-, histamine-and 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contractions; Scopolamine also could improve the microcirculation and increase cardiac output [1-65]. 3. Scopolamine exhibits antioxidant and free radical scavenging actions[40,58]. 4. Respiratory system: Scopolamine could excite the respiratory system and make the breath fast[41-43]. 5. Scopolamine also exhibits othe pharmacological effects such as: hypothermia, mydriasis, inhibiting gland secretion, relaxing smooth muscle and so on[44-69]. |
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| [Clinical trial] | 1. Chronic bronchitis: 100 cases were treated with yangjinhua (Upright Datura Flower) 15g grinded, mixed white wine. It took 1 course. Results showed that 33 cases were cured, 55 cases were effective, 12 cases were invalid, and the total efficiency was 88% [1]. 2. Ankylosing spondylitis: 34 patients were treated with yangjinhua (Upright Datura Flower) injection or complexing agent. 3 months as a course. Results showed that 11 cases were markedly effective, 1 case was effective, and 3 cases were invalid. When compared to the Western medicine control group, there was no significant difference in curative effect, but the long term recurrence rate of Western medicine control group was 76.5% and but there was no recurrence in the treatment group (31 cases), two groups had significantly difference [1]. 3.Calcaneal hyperplasia: 21 patients were treated with dry or fresh yangjinhua(Upright Datura Flower), 15 days as a course. Results showed that after 3 courses, 14 cases achieved clinical cure, 7 cases improved. There was no side effect. Follow up ranged from 3 to 5 years without recurrence [1] . 4. Acute soft tissue injury: 125 cases were treated with yangjinhua (Upright Datura Flower) 50g, soaked liquor and repeatedly rubbed the affected area, 2 times a day, 3 days for a course. Results showed that 25 cases were cured after 1 courses, 65 cases were cured after 2 courses, 21 cases were cured after 3 courses, 14 cases were cured after 4 courses, the curative ratio was 100%[1] . 5. ophthalmology examination: 0.5% yangjinhua (Upright Datura Flower) solution eys drop, at the same time homatropine solution mydriasis optometry for comparison, Results showed that mean diopter of each eye in the yangjinhua (Upright Datura Flower) solution group was slightly higher than that of control group.so the optometry correctness was higher, but the recovery of mydriasis and accommodation paralysis took 1 week more than the control group [1]. |
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| [Traditional usage] |
1. Sore on the face 2. Pain due to varied wind, and cold-damp beriberi 3. Asthma 4. Reverse flowing of qi, frequent anger and madness of Yang syncope 5. Hypnotizing the patient who is unable to tolerant the pain and heat in moxibustion and acupuncture 5. Chronic infantile convulsion
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| [References] |
Pharmacological actions: [1] Pharmacology Staff Room of [2] Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Staff Room of [3] Anesthesia Staff Room of [4] Niu Xin-yi. Acta Physiol Sinica, 1965,28(l):50. [5] Peng Jian-zhong. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 1983,4(2):81. [6]Longo V G.Pharmawl, 1966,18(2) :965. [7] Pharmacology and Nervous Staff Room of Materia Medica Institute of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Communication Journal, 1975,(4):10. [8]Zhang Chang-shao. Advance of Pharmacology.Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, 1962, 141. [9] Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Staff Room of [10]Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Staff Room of [11]Standacherova D. et al. Neuroscience,1978,3(8) :749. [12] Niu Xin-yi. Acta Physiol Sinica, 1965,28(l):50. [13] Bian Chun-fu. Acta Pharm Sin, 1979,14(7) :398. [14] Jin Guo-zhang. Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Communication Journal, 1975,(2):41. [15]Polak R L. J Pharmacol, 1965, 181:317. [16]Giarnan N J. Brit J Pharmacol, 1962,19:226. [17 ]Ditto Bril . J Pharmacol,1964, 23:123. [18]Pepeu G. ProgressYn Neurobiology, 1973,2(3):259. [19] Sun Jian-ning. Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Communication Journal, 1978,(2):1. [20]White R P. J PharMacol,1959,125: 239. [21] Training Department of [23] Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Staff Room of [24] Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Staff Room of Ruao County People’s Hospital. Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Communication Journal, 1974,(1):68. [25] Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Staff Room of Ruao County People’s Hospital. Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Communication Journal, 1976,(2):41. [26] Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Staff Room of Ruao County People’s Hospital. Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Communication Journal, 1976,(4):29. [27]Goadrnan LS, et al. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 4th Ed. 1971:528. [28] Pharmacology Staff Room of [29] Jiang Wen-de. Physiology Journal,1963,26(2):172. [30] Ren Dong-xu. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 1987,8(2):131. [31] Ren Dong-xu. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 1987,8(2):131. [32] Wang Zhong-yin. Chin J Anesthesiol, 1983,3(3):138. [33] Pharmacology Staff Room of [34] Liu Yuan-bin. Chinese pharmacology and toxicology magazine, 1988,2(2):148. [35] Zhao Yuan-jun. Med J Chin PLA, 1983,8(6):435. [36] Bian Chun-fu. Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Communication Journal, 1977,(4):58. [37] [38] Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Staff Room of [39] Yang Jia-cui. J First Mil Med Univ, 1985,5(1):43. [40] Wu He-ping. Chin J Anesthesiol, 1993.13(6):415. [41] New Midicine Staff Room of Shanghai Second Medicial college. Chinese Medicine Anesthesia Communication Journal, 1973,(3):1. [42] Qian Zi-wen. Journal of Shanghai First Medicial college, 1983,10(3):181. [43] Wang Yin-sheng. [44] [45] The First People’s [46] [47] Luo Rong-guang. Guang Hou Medicine, 1990,(16):29. [48] Zhou Jin-Huang. Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, [49] Yang Mei-lin. Chin J Anesthesiol, 1983,3(3):136. [50] Yue Tian-li. Acta Pharm Sin, 1979,14(40) :208. [51] Pharmacology Staff Room of [52] Liu De-xiang. Med J Chin PLA, 1986,11(4):288. [53] Zhou Xiao-lin, Zhang Jin, Wang Dan, et al. Effect of Combination of Scopolamine and Ketamine on Learning-memory Ability of Mice. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE [54] Xu Jian-min, Yu Hai-yan. Effect of Scopolamine with Different Doses on Learning-memory Ability of Mice. [55] Feng Bing-hong,Li Wei-xuan,Luo Jian. Comparison of Effects of Scopolamine and GynosaponinXLⅢon Levels of Glu/GABA in Memory Regulation System of Mice. ACAD J GCP, 1998,14(2):95. [56]GAO Kai, YANG Ke-li. The Research of Neuro Protection Effect of Scopolamine Hydrobromide on Diffuse Brain Injury in Rats. Chinese Medical Journal of Metallurgical Industry, 2005, 22(2): 107. [57] WANG Li-Tao, WANG Guan-Jun, YU Shun-Ping, et al.The Effect of Common Medication for Detoxification on Rat Amygdala Kindling Models. Chin J Drug Depend, 2005,14(1)30. [58] Liu Hui-fen, Zhu Bo, Yang Guo-dong. Effect of Scopolamine on SOD Activity in RBC in Heroin Addicts. Journal of Comprehensive Clinical Medicine, 1998, 14(3): 267. [59] Liu Shuqin, Zang Weijin, Li Zengli, et al. Study on the Vasodilator Mechanisms of Scopolamine. Journal of Mathematical Medicine, 2004, 17(6): 529. [61] Tang Zhao-li, Xu Jian-rui, Fu Xue-lin, et al. The influence of scopolamine on the change of artery blood gas and plasma ET [62] Yang Lei, Zhang Xiao-ming. Effect of Scopolamine on Plasma Motilin of the Postcholecystectomy Patients with Morphine Epidural Analgesia. J Huazhong Univ Sci Tech [Health Sci], 2003, 32(3):329. [63] Zhang Wei, Li Xian-qing, Zhai min, et al. Study on improving haemodynamics of neonate with Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics, 2003,18(7): 424. [64] HUO Hong-mei, ZHANG Zhi-lin, BAO Shi-yao, et al. Scopolamin Hydrobromidum Attenuates Cerebral Edema Followed Statas Epilepticus in Rats. Chin J Clin Neurosc, 2002, 10(3):253. [65] XU Xiang-hua, PAN Ya-ping, WANG Xiao-liang. mRNA Expressions of VoltageDependent Potassium Channels in the Brain of ScopolamineInduced Memory Impaired Rats. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica, 2002,37(4):241-244. [66] Zhu Bo, Chen Qi-jun, Zhou Wen-hua, et al. Effects of Scopolamin on sex hormone and thyroid hormone in serum of heroin dependant. Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment, 2001,6:12. [67] Chen Hong-xian, Zhang Rui-ling, Hao wei. The influence of scopolamine on morphine-induced conditioned place preference in SD rat. Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science, 2001, 10(4): 289-290, 293. [68] ZHANG Li-ya, WANG Gui-fang, WU He-ping. The effects of scopolamine on Na~+-K~+-ATPase activity during cerebral postischemic reperfusion in rabbits. Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology, 2000, 16(1): 67. [69] ZHANG Fu-qing, ZHOU Wen-hua, WANG Zhao-lin, et al. Effects of scopolamine on intravenous morphine self-administration and reinstatement of responding in rhesus monkeys. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 1998,3(2): 99. clinical test:
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